Health Conditions

What is it?

COPD is a condition in which a reduction of airflow to the lungs occurs, either because of blockage or excess mucus secretion. COPD will usually worsen with time, especially if untreated. It may be only partially reversible. This is usually due to chronic bronchitis or emphysema, which are the two main types of COPD.

1. Chronic Bronchitis: Chronic bronchitis is the term that describes the blockage of the airways of the lungs as a result of foreign substances, inflammation, or mucus build-up. People with chronic bronchitis have increased mucus secretion and a chronic cough that persists for at least 3 months over two consecutive years. These symptoms will typically occur almost every day. If you have chronic bronchitis and smoke, you are at an increased risk for worsening of the disease.

2. Emphysema: Emphysema is a condition that involves destruction of the lungs. This happens because the air spaces in the lungs become enlarged. The air passageways and blood vessels of the lungs (the bronchioles, alveoli, and capillaries) that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to be exchanged become inflamed and damaged.

While distinguishing between chronic bronchitis and emphysema may be important in determining treatment, many medical professionals tend not to classify patients into one category or another. This is because many patients oftentimes exhibit features of both chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

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