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Health Conditions

Hormonal Contraception/Birth Control

References

Allen JA. Birth-control research delves into the molecule. Los Angeles Times. July 28, 2003. http://www.mindfully.org/GE/2003/Birth-Control-Molecule28jul03.htm Accessed July 2, 2007

Anon. OCs: international experts discuss state-of-the-art. Contraceptive Technology Update. 1981;2(11):147-151.

Anon. Male contraceptives: research examines options Contraceptive Technology Update. January 2004. Available at: http://www.contraceptiveupdate.com/trial.html. Accessed December 15, 2004.

Batur P, Elder J, Mayer M. Update on contraception: benefits and risks of the new formulations. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. 2003; 70():681-696.

Birth control guide. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Updated December 2003. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/1997/babytabl.html. Accessed November 16, 2004 and July 2, 2007.

Birth Control. Planned Parenthood. Updated March 2004. Available at: http://www.plannedparenthood.org/birth-control-pregnancy/birth-control.htm. Accessed December 16, 2004 and July 2,2007.

Birth control comparison. Feminist Women's Health Center. Page updated: June 12, 2005. Available at: http://www.fwhc.org/birth-control/birth-control-comparison-chart.pdf. Accessed October 6, 2006 and July 2, 2007.

Bovo MJ. Contraceptive Guide. Available at: http://www.mjbovo.com/Contracept/. Accessed December 2003 and July 2 2007.

Bronson RA. Oral contraception: mechanism of action. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1981;24(3):869-877.

Cheng L, Gulmezoglu AM, Oel CJ, Piaggio G, Ezcurra E, Look PF. Interventions for emergency contraception. Cochrane Database Systematic Review. 2004;(3):CD001324.

Chang MC. Anti-fertility activities of sex hormones. Research in Reproduction. 1970;2(3):1-2.

Davidson MR. Contraception update: the latest hormonal options. Clinician Reviews. 13(6):52-59.

Delves PJ. How far from a hormone-based contraceptive vaccine? Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 2004;62(1-2):69-78.

Dickerson LM and Bucci KK. Contraception. In: Dipiro JT, et al. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach. Sixth Edition. PP. 1443-1464.

Family Health International. Mechanisms of the Contraceptive Action of Hormonal Methods and Intrauterine Devices (IUDs). No date given. Available at: http://www.fhi.org/en/RH/Pubs/booksReports/methodaction.htm. Accessed November 22, 2004 and July 3,2007.

Forinash AB, Evans SL. New hormonal contraceptives: a review of the literature. Pharmacotherapy. 23(12): 1573-1591.

Gonzales A. Birth control researchers first to get money from new ASU fund. Arizona Business Journal. September 13, 2004. Available at: http://www.abor.asu.edu/1_the_regents/clips/091304.htm#Birth%20control%20researchers%20first%20to%20get%20money%20from%20new%20ASU%20fund. Accessed December 16, 2004.

Habenicht UF, Stock G. Development of new immunocontraceptives-industrial perspective. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 1996;35(6):517-522.

Holt VE, Cushing-Haugen KL, Daling JR. Body weight and risk of contraceptive failure. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2002;99:820-827.

Lippman J. Long-term profile of a new progestin. International Journal of Fertility. 1992;37(Suppl 4):218-222.

Lunelle [package insert]. Kalamazoo, MI: Pharmacia & Upjohn; Revised July 2001. Available at: http://www.pfizer.com/download/ppi_lunelle.pdf. Accessed December 16, 2004.

McLaughlin EA, Holland MK, Aitken RJ. Contraceptive vaccines. Expert Opinion on Biology and Therapeutics. 2003;3(5):829-841.

Mifeprex [package insert]. New York, NY. Danco Laboratories, LLC. Revised November 2004. Available at: http://www.earlyoptionpill.com/pdfs/label.pdf. Accessed December 16, 2004 and July 3, 2007.

Mirena [package insert]. Montvale, NJ: Berlex; December 2003. Available at: http://berlex.bayerhealthcare.com/html/products/pi/mirena_patient_insert.pdf?C=&c=. Accessed December 8, 2004 and July 3, 2007.

Nass SJ, Strauss JF II, eds. New Frontiers In Contraceptive Research: A Blueprint for Action. Institute of Medicine. Washington, DC. National Academies Press. 2004.

National Family Planning and Reproductive Health Association. The facts about Plan B emergency contraception. June 30, 2004. Available at: http://www.nfprha.org/pac/factsheets/planb.asp#_edn4. Accessed December 7, 2004.

National Women?s Health information Center. Emergency contraception, May 2006. Available at: http://www.4woman.gov/faq/econtracep.htm. Accessed October 6, 2006 and July 3, 2007.

National Women's Health Information Center. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Women?s Health. Menstruation and the menstrual cycle. November 2002. Available at: http://www.4woman.org/faq/menstru.htm. Accessed December 2, 2004.

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Questions and Answers About Estrogen-Plus-Progestin Hormone Therapy. Available at: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/women/q_a.htm. Accessed July 18,2005 and July 3, 2007.

Naz RK, Rajesh C. Passive immunization for immunocontraception: lessons learned from infectious diseases. Frontiers in Bioscience. 2004;9:2457-2465.

Nordenburg T. Protecting Against Unintended Pregnancy: A Guide to Contraceptive Choices. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/1997/397_baby.html. Accessed December 2003 and July 3, 2007.

NuvaRing [package insert]. West Orange, NJ: Organon; October 2001. Available at: http://www.nuvaring.com/Authfiles/Images/309_76063.pdf. Accessed December 9, 2004 and July 3, 2007.

Othro Evra [package insert]. Raritan, NJ: Ortho-McNeil; Revised May 2003. Available at: http://www.orthomcneil.com/products/pi/pdfs/orthoevra.pdf#zoom=100. Accessed December 9, 2004.

Plan B [package insert]. Pomona, NY. Barr Pharmaceuticals. Revised February 2004. Available at: http://www.go2planb.com/section/prescribing_info/. Accessed October 6, 2006.

Planned Parenthood. Birth control. Updated 2006. Available at: http://www.plannedparenthood.org/birth-control-pregnancy/birth-control.htm. Accessed July 3, 2007.

Princeton University. Copper IUD as emergency contraception. Updated July 2, 2007. Available at: http://ec.princeton.edu/info/eciud.html. Accessed December 16, 2004 and July 3, 2007.

Ranjit N, Bankole A, Darroch JE, Singh S. Contraceptive failure in the first two years of use: differences across socioeconomic subgroups. Family Planning Perspective., 2001; 33(1):19-27.

Ruggiero RJ. Contraception. In: Koda-Kimble MA, Young LY, eds. Applied Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs, 7th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001.

Sample RG. Pharmacology of contraceptive agents - new compounds with new problems? American Journal of Pharmacy. 1973;145(4):142-145.

Schwartz JA, Gabelnick HL. Current contraceptive research. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 2002;34(6):310-316.

Sicat BL. Ortho Evra, a new contraceptive patch. Pharmacotherapy. 23(4):472-480.

van der Spoel AC, Jeyakumar M, Butters TD, Charlton HM, Moore HD, Dwek RA, Platt FM. Reversible infertility in male mice after oral administration of alkylated imino sugars: a nonhormonal approach to male contraception. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2002;99(26):17173-17178.

von Hertzen H, Piaggio G, Ding J, et al for the WHO Research Group on Post-ovulatory Methods of Fertility Regulation. Low dose mifepristone and two regimens of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception: a WHO multicentre [sic] randomised [sic] trial. Lancet. 2002;360(9348):1803-1810.

Walton M, Anderson RA. Update on the male hormonal contraceptive agents. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs. 2004;13(9):1123-1133.

Wang C, Swerdloff RS. Male hormonal contraception. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2004;190(4 Suppl):S60-S68.

Weber RF, Dohle GR. Male contraception: mechanical, hormonal and non-hormonal methods. World Journal of Urology. 2003;21(5):338-340.

Yaz [package insert]. Montville, NJ: Berlex; October 2006. Available at: http://www.berlex.com/html/products/pi/fhc/YAZ_PI_mar.pdf. Accessed October 6, 2006 and July 3, 2007.

Young E. Reversible male contraceptive deforms sperm. New Scientist. December 10, 2002. Available at: http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn3161. Accessed December 1, 2004 and July 3, 2007.

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Note: The above information is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of your physician, pharmacist, or other healthcare professional. It is not intended to diagnose a health condition, but it can be used as a guide to help you decide if you should seek professional treatment or to help you learn more about your condition once it has been diagnosed.

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